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- BUSINESS, Page 44One Big Mac, Hold the Box!
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- McDonald's faces a children's crusade against polystyrene
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- Many adults like McDonald's for its convenience, but
- children have a special devotion. The sight of the Golden
- Arches seems to send kids' blood racing. Lately, though, some
- disillusioned youngsters have been insisting on eating
- elsewhere. A few have even been picketing McDonald's stores.
- To urge a boycott of the company's outlets, Kurtiz Schneid, a
- New Jersey high school student, demonstrated in front of the
- United Nations dressed as "Ronald McToxic." His message: "The
- planet deserves a break today!"
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- Why would children resist their craving for Chicken
- McNuggets? In a word: polystyrene. Environmentally conscious
- youngsters are up in arms about the soft plastic used to make
- disposable soft-drink cups, hamburger boxes and other
- lightweight thermal containers. The material is
- nonbiodegradable and can give off toxic fumes when burned. The
- food industry uses more than 1 billion lbs. of the material
- every year to pack its products. McDonald's (1989 sales: $17
- billion) is the world's largest single consumer. Each day 22
- million customers buy food in 11,000 of its outlets in 52
- countries. An estimated 30% of the food is wrapped in
- polystyrene packages, which means that McDonald's customers
- toss out more than 45 million lbs. of so-called clamshell boxes
- and other polystyrene waste each year.
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- Local governments in Berkeley, Portland, Ore., and Glen
- Cove, N.Y., have banned the material, forcing McDonald's to
- switch to paper packaging. About a dozen other cities have
- enacted similar restrictions, and hundreds more towns have
- considered such laws.
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- The children's crusade has been building since a group
- called Kids Against Pollution was started three years ago by
- a fifth-grade civics class at the Tenakill School in Closter,
- N.J., to urge a ban on polystyrene at the school. Since their
- victory, 800 chapters of the student group have sprung up in
- the U.S. and Europe. One of KAP's primary goals is to reform
- the biggest polystyrene user of all. In West Milford, N.J.,
- Jennifer Brailey, 12, has persuaded her family and friends to
- boycott McDonald's stores, or at least refuse any food that is
- enclosed in polystyrene containers. She has helped organize
- letter-writing campaigns to urge McDonald's to stop using the
- material. In some states, students have mounted a Send-It-Back
- campaign, in which they pack up greasy packaging and mail it
- to local McDonald's stores or to the company's headquarters in
- Illinois.
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- The company contends the youths are misguided in assuming
- that paper wrappings represent a lesser threat to the
- environment than clamshell boxes. For example, polystyrene
- packaging can be recycled far more easily than the treated
- paper used for wrapping food. McDonald's recycles such
- containers from 500 of its 8,200 U.S. stores and expects to
- include 1,500 more outlets by the end of the year. After the
- material is broken down into plastic pebbles, it can be
- reconstituted into artificial lumber, trash cans and other
- plastic products. Says Shelby Yastrow, McDonald's senior vice
- president for environmental affairs: "We used to use paper
- only. We could do it again. It's not that we can't. It's just
- that we see no reason to change."
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- The company spends $100 million annually on environmental
- projects. Besides handing out grants to the World Wildlife Fund
- and other environmental groups, McDonald's is studying ways to
- use recycled polystyrene materials in building new stores. Says
- Jan Beyea, senior scientist for the National Audubon Society:
- "What McDonald's is doing is just a start, but a beginning
- nonetheless. We are an incredibly wasteful nation, and
- McDonald's shouldn't be treated as if it's responsible for 100%
- of that waste."
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- Maybe not, but the company could take an even harder look
- at its packaging policies. In the most obvious case, McDonald's
- should distinguish between customers who eat in the store and
- those who carry out the food. Every hour, tons of unnecessary
- paper bags, wrappers and plastic boxes are discarded a few feet
- from the cash registers. Moral: McDonald's has already given
- the planet a break, but Mother Earth could use a few more.
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- By Janice Castro. Reported by Barbara Dolan/Chicago and Lisa
- Towle/New York.
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